Classic yellow cake with rich chocolate frosting is the quintessential American birthday cake the whole family loves. This moist, tender cake with its nostalgic flavor combination is a celebration staple.
Preheat your oven to 350°F (175°C). Grease two 9-inch round cake pans and line the bottoms with parchment paper for easy release.
In a medium bowl, whisk together the flour, baking powder, and salt. Set aside for later.
In a large bowl, beat the softened butter and granulated sugar on medium-high speed for 3-4 minutes until pale and fluffy. Beat in eggs one at a time, ensuring each is fully incorporated before adding the next.
On low speed, alternate adding the flour mixture and milk to the butter mixture—beginning and ending with flour. Mix just until combined. Stir in vanilla extract briefly by hand.
Divide the batter evenly between the prepared pans, smoothing the tops. Bake for 25-30 minutes, or until a toothpick inserted into the center comes out clean. Let cakes cool in pans for 10 minutes, then turn out onto a rack to cool completely.
While cakes cool, prepare the chocolate frosting: In a medium bowl, beat butter until creamy. Sift in cocoa powder and powdered sugar, then mix on low until combined.
Add milk and vanilla to the frosting, then beat on high until light, fluffy, and spreadable. If needed, adjust consistency with more powdered sugar or milk.
Once cakes are completely cool, place one layer on a serving plate and spread a generous portion of frosting over the top. Place the second layer on top and coat the entire cake with remaining frosting.
Use an offset spatula for a smooth finish, and let the cake set at room temperature for at least 30 minutes before slicing for best texture and flavor.