Delicate flaky red bean pastry with layers of buttery crust and sweet filling is a Chinese classic. A family dessert with fresh, crispy texture.
Preheat oven to 375°F (190°C) and set rack in the center; line a baking sheet with parchment paper.
In a large bowl, combine 1 cup of flour with salt and water. Cut in 4 tbsp butter and 3 tbsp shortening until the dough resembles coarse crumbs. Knead gently and let rest covered for 20 minutes.
Make the oil dough: mix 0.5 cup flour with 2 tbsp melted butter until combined and smooth.
Roll the water dough into a rectangle. Spread oil dough evenly on top, then fold the dough envelope-style and roll out again. Repeat the folding and rolling twice to create flaky layers.
Divide the dough into 6 portions. Flatten each, add 2–3 tbsp red bean paste in the center, and wrap tightly. Seal seams down.
Arrange pastries smooth side up on the baking sheet. Brush lightly with beaten egg. Sprinkle with powdered sugar if desired.
Bake for 22–26 minutes until golden and flaky on top. Cool 10 minutes before serving for best crisp texture.