Christmas Eve pasta with anchovy, walnut, and breadcrumb sauce follows Italian seafood fasting traditions. This mediterranean dish is protein-rich and a meaningful family holiday ritual.
Bring a large pot of salted water to a boil and cook the maccheroni until just al dente, about 1 minute less than package instructions. Reserve 1/2 cup of pasta water before draining.
While the pasta cooks, pulse the walnuts and bread slices in a food processor to a coarse breadcrumb texture.
In a large skillet over medium-low heat, add the olive oil and gently cook the sliced garlic until fragrant, about 1 minute, making sure not to brown it.
Add the anchovy fillets to the skillet, using a wooden spoon to mash and dissolve them completely into the oil over gentle heat.
Stir in the walnut-breadcrumb mixture and toast in the skillet for 3-4 minutes, stirring frequently for even golden color. Add black pepper, then zest of lemon for brightness.
Add the drained pasta directly to the skillet and toss to coat, adding reserved pasta water a splash at a time to help bind the sauce and keep it moist but not wet.
Remove from heat, mix in chopped fresh parsley, and adjust salt if necessary. Serve immediately, garnished with extra breadcrumbs or parsley if desired.