Hunan spicy crayfish cooked in a fiery chili and garlic sauce is a beloved street food. A high protein, fresh seafood dish perfect for family gatherings.
Scrub and rinse the live crayfish thoroughly under cold running water; drain well. Trim the ends of crayfish as needed for easier eating.
Heat 3 tbsp vegetable oil in a large wok over high heat until shimmering. Add Sichuan peppercorns and red chilies; stir-fry for 1 minute to infuse the oil.
Add sliced ginger, whole garlic cloves (crushed), and chopped scallions. Stir-fry for 2 minutes, adjusting heat to medium-high to avoid scorching the aromatics.
Increase heat to high and add the crayfish. Stir-fry vigorously until shells begin to turn red, about 3-4 minutes.
Pour in Shaoxing wine and light soy sauce, sprinkle with sugar and salt, and continue to toss. Add 1 cup water, cover, and simmer over medium heat for 8 minutes, until crayfish are cooked through and sauce is slightly reduced.
Remove lid and continue cooking on high, tossing occasionally, for 2 more minutes to thicken and concentrate the sauce. Serve hot, garnished with extra fresh scallion if desired.