Darkly caramelized goat's milk cajeta has a deep, complex, bittersweet flavor. This family-friendly treat is a bold, rich variation of Mexico's beloved caramel.
In a large, heavy-bottomed saucepan, combine goat's milk and sugar over medium heat, stirring until the sugar is completely dissolved.
Bring the mixture to a gentle simmer, stirring frequently and monitoring the heat to avoid boiling over; adjust the heat as needed.
Once simmering, stir in the baking soda. The mixture will foam—keep stirring until the foam subsides.
Continue simmering uncovered, stirring diligently every 5–10 minutes. As the milk reduces and darkens, lower the heat slightly to prevent scorching.
When the mixture turns a deep amber and becomes thick (about 75–90 minutes), stir continuously to reach desired consistency, then remove from heat and stir in vanilla extract.
Allow to cool; the cajeta will thicken as it cools. Spoon into clean jars to store.