The ancestor of carbonara combines guanciale and pecorino with pasta for a stripped-back Roman classic. This high protein mediterranean dish is a carnivore favorite with just four ingredients.
Bring a large pot of water to a boil and season generously with kosher salt. Add pasta and cook until just shy of al dente, stirring occasionally.
While pasta cooks, heat a wide skillet over medium heat. Add sliced guanciale and cook, stirring often, until the fat renders and the pieces turn crisp-golden, about 7 minutes.
Reserve about 1 cup of pasta water, then drain pasta. Increase the skillet heat to medium-high and add drained pasta, tossing to coat with guanciale fat for 1 minute.
Remove skillet from heat. Sprinkle pecorino romano and black pepper over the pasta. Add reserved pasta water slowly, tossing vigorously to create a creamy emulsion.
Taste and adjust with additional pepper or pecorino. Plate immediately to preserve the silky sauce, serving hot with extra cheese and pepper as desired.